Commercial Goods Payment & Purchasing | E-commerce

Commercial Goods Payment & Purchasing | Adonis Exchange Services

Introduction

In international trade transactions, payment methods are generally divided into two main categories:

Group A: High risk for the seller, low risk for the buyer
Group B: High risk for the buyer, low risk for the seller

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Group A Payment Methods

1. Open Account

• Goods are shipped by the seller

• Payment is made by the buyer after receiving the goods

• Requires a high level of trust between both parties

2. Clean Draft

• Shipping documents are sent to the buyer

• The seller receives payment after the draft is accepted

• High risk of non-payment for the seller

3. Documentary Collection

• Documents are delivered to the buyer’s bank

• Payment is made against documents (D/P – Documents against Payment, D/A – Documents against Acceptance)

• Provides more security for the seller compared to previous methods

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Group B Payment Methods

1. Full Advance Payment

• Full payment is made before shipment

• Highest risk for the buyer

2. Advance Payment with Bank Guarantee

• The seller provides a bank guarantee upon receiving payment

• Reduces buyer’s risk compared to full advance payment

3. Letter of Credit (L/C)

• Payment is made only upon presentation of shipping documents by the seller

• Payment is guaranteed by the issuing bank

• Relatively balanced benefits for both buyer and seller

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Types of Letters of Credit (L/C)

1. Import & Export

• Import L/C (for importer)

• Export L/C (for exporter)

2. Operative & Non-Operative

• Operative

• Non-Operative

3. Based on Payment Timing

• At Sight

• Deferred Payment

• Usance

4. Revocable & Irrevocable

• Revocable L/C

• Irrevocable L/C

5. Confirmed & Unconfirmed

• Confirmed L/C

• Unconfirmed L/C

6. Transferable & Non-Transferable

• Transferable L/C

• Non-Transferable L/C

7. Back-to-Back L/C

8. Red Clause L/C

9. Revolving L/C

10. Transit L/C

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Alternative Methods Under Sanctions

T/T (Telegraphic Transfer) Payment

• The most common method under sanction conditions

• Higher risk for the buyer

• Requires selecting a reliable exchange office such as Adonis

Other Common Methods

• Brokerage cooperation between Iranian and foreign banks

• Contracts with exchange offices and shipping companies

• Transit accounts in third countries

• Use of foreign credit cards

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Important Notes for International Payments

• Evaluate the seller’s credibility before entering a transaction

• Choose a payment method appropriate to the risk level

• Use reputable intermediaries to reduce risk

• Pay attention to international regulations and banking restrictions

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Adonis Exchange Services for Commercial Payments

• Processing T/T transfers worldwide

• Secure transactions for commercial goods purchases

• Consultation on selecting the most suitable payment method

• Cooperation with reputable international banks and exchange offices

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